Introduction All of us have the experience of seeing a spark or hearing a crackle when we take off our synthetic clothes or sweater, particularly in dry weather. The reason for this is discharge of electric charges through our body, which were accumulated due to rubbing of insulating surfaces. Electrostatics deals with the study of forces, fields and potentials arising from static charges. Electric Charge It was concluded, after many careful studies by different scientists, that there were only two kinds of an entity which is called the Electric Charge. And the charges were named as positive and negative by the American scientist Benjamin Franklin. Conductors and Insulators Some substances readily allow the passage of electricity through them others do not. Those which allow electricity to pass through them easily are called Conductors . They have electric charges (electrons) that are comparatively free to move inside the material. Metals, Human and Animal bodies and Earth
Introduction To start with I want to ask you a question " What happens in an isolated system which is a collection of oscillating objects?" Comment your answers below. Waves represent transport of energy and the pattern of distribution has information of its propagation from one point to another. All communication essentially depends on transmission of signals via waves. Likewise speech means production of sound waves in air and hearing amounts to their detection. And our daily life communication involves different kinds of waves . For example when we are talking somebody through mobile phone sound waves are first converted into an electrical signal which in turn will generate an electromagnetic wave that is transmitted and received and opposite process happens to convert them back to sound waves which is heard by the person. So waves are very essential part of every human being and almost every living creature. Transverse and Longitudinal Waves We have seen tha